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Address correspondence to T. Colborn, World Wildlife
Fund, 1250 24th St. NW, Washington, DC 20037-1175
Funding for this monograph was provided by the Italian Ministry of University
and Scientific Research and Technology, the Sicilian Regional Government,
The Winslow Foundation, the New York Community Trust, and the World
Wildlife Fund.
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Introduction
The peer reviewed articles in the issue of Environmental Health Perspectives
Supplements were prepared for the work session “Impact of Endocrine Disruptors
on Brain Development and Behavior” at the Ettore Majorana Centre for Scientific
Culture, International School of Ethology, Erice, Sicily. Originally scheduled
for 15-20 September 2001, in the immediate aftermath of the terrorist attacks
in the United States, the gathering was postponed to 15-20 March 2002.
This work session followed a previous session, “Environmental Endocrine-Disrupting
Chemicals: Neural, Endocrine, and Behavioral Effects,” also held at the
School of Ethology in November 1995. The scientists attending the 1995 Erice
work session produced a Consensus Statement reflecting their concern about the
effects of synthetic chemicals on brain development. The opening paragraph of
that Statement reads:
We are certain of the following:
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals can undermine neurological and behavioral development
and subsequent potential of individuals exposed in the womb, or in fish, amphibians,
reptiles, and birds, the egg. This loss of potential in humans and wildlife
is expressed as behavioral and physical abnormalities. It may be expressed
as reduced intellectual capacity and social adaptability, as impaired responsiveness
to environmental demands, or in a variety of other functional guises. Widespread
loss of this nature can change the character of human societies or destabilize
wildlife populations. Because profound economic and social consequences emerge
from small shifts in functional potential at the population level, it is imperative
to monitor levels of contaminants in humans, animals, and the environment
that are associated with disruption of the nervous and endocrine systems and
reduce their production and release.
The concerns reflected in the Consensus Statement from the first meeting led
to additional research, the results of which are presented in the following
peer-reviewed articles. They also led to the convening of this second work session
where the goal was not to produce a new consensus statement, but rather to a)
stimulate discussion about the development of screens and assays to test chemicals
for their possible effects through hormone systems on the developing brain and
behavior and b) to facilitate further collaborations among the many disciplines,
institutions, and individuals attending the work session.
The articles in this issue of the Supplement are grouped into three categories:
a) disruption of the thyroid system, b) endocrine disruption by polychlorinated
biphenyls and dioxins, and c) disruption of estrogen and androgen responses.
As noted earlier, the actual work session for which these papers were prepared
was postponed by 6 months. However, we had made a commitment to the editors
of Environmental Health Perspectives to have a monograph ready by January 2002
for the June edition of the Supplement based on the presentations to have been
given in September 2001. We regret that since this edition was already in the
hands of the editors prior to the March 2002 gathering in Erice, it is impossible
to describe at this time the impact the these papers had on the discussion and
outcome of the work session.
We are quite certain that the scientific and policy impact of the work session
in March 2002 was more productive than we had initially expected for several
reasons: a) The preparation of the manuscripts for this edition of the EHP Supplement
placed us at an advantage as we began to set the agenda for the discussions
to take place in March 2002. We had a preview of what was coming that went far
beyond the abstracts submitted in the early stages of planning the gathering.
b) The need for a copy-ready manuscript prior to the meeting challenged each
discussant to maximally polish his or her paper without the feedback he or she
would have received at the postponed Erice work session. Consequently, work
session participants were especially well prepared for the meeting. c) Finally,
we believe the events of September 11 have reinforced the need to disseminate
the information in the following pages. They have motivated and further encouraged
us to broaden our knowledge about the developing brain and its vulnerability
to xenobiotics. For it is imperative that we assure that all children are born
with the ability to love, socially integrate, and reach their fullest intellectual
potential-because what the world needs now more than ever are team players,
great thinkers, and leaders who can bring peace to the world.
Last Updated: May 24, 2002 |
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